CanvasRenderingContext2D.putImageData()方法

返回到:Canvas API:CanvasRenderingContext2D

本节课,我们学习CanvasRenderingContext2D.putImageData()方法。

CanvasRenderingContext2D.putImageData() 是 Canvas 2D API 将数据从已有的 ImageData 对象绘制到位图的方法。如果提供了一个绘制过的矩形,则只绘制该矩形的像素。此方法不受画布转换矩阵的影响。

语法

void ctx.putImageData(imagedata, dx, dy);
void ctx.putImageData(imagedata, dx, dy, dirtyX, dirtyY, dirtyWidth, dirtyHeight);

参数

imageData

ImageData ,包含像素值的数组对象。

dx

源图像数据在目标画布中的位置偏移量(x 轴方向的偏移量)。

dy

源图像数据在目标画布中的位置偏移量(y 轴方向的偏移量)。

dirtyX 可选

在源图像数据中,矩形区域左上角的位置。默认是整个图像数据的左上角(x 坐标)。

dirtyY 可选

在源图像数据中,矩形区域左上角的位置。默认是整个图像数据的左上角(y 坐标)。

dirtyWidth 可选

在源图像数据中,矩形区域的宽度。默认是图像数据的宽度。

dirtyHeight 可选

在源图像数据中,矩形区域的高度。默认是图像数据的高度。

抛出错误

NotSupportedError

如果任何一个变量被设置成无穷大,则会抛出此错误。InvalidStateError

如果过图像数据对象的数据被分离,会抛出此错误。

示例

理解putImageData

通过CanvasRenderingContext2D.fillRect()方法实现,更好地理解 putImageData 的执行算法。获取更多信息,参见 使用 Canvas 控制像素 和 ImageData 对象。

HTML

<canvas id="canvas"></canvas>

JavaScript

var canvas = document.getElementById("canvas");
var ctx = canvas.getContext("2d");

function putImageData(ctx, imageData, dx, dy,
    dirtyX, dirtyY, dirtyWidth, dirtyHeight) {
  var data = imageData.data;
  var height = imageData.height;
  var width = imageData.width;
  dirtyX = dirtyX || 0;
  dirtyY = dirtyY || 0;
  dirtyWidth = dirtyWidth !== undefined? dirtyWidth: width;
  dirtyHeight = dirtyHeight !== undefined? dirtyHeight: height;
  var limitBottom = dirtyY + dirtyHeight;
  var limitRight = dirtyX + dirtyWidth;
  for (var y = dirtyY; y < limitBottom; y++) {
    for (var x = dirtyX; x < limitRight; x++) {
      var pos = y * width + x;
      ctx.fillStyle = 'rgba(' + data[pos*4+0]
                        + ',' + data[pos*4+1]
                        + ',' + data[pos*4+2]
                        + ',' + (data[pos*4+3]/255) + ')';
      ctx.fillRect(x + dx, y + dy, 1, 1);
    }
  }
}

// Draw content onto the canvas
ctx.fillRect(0,0,100,100);
// Create an ImageData object from it
var imagedata = ctx.getImageData(0,0,100,100);
// use the putImageData function that illustrates how putImageData works
putImageData(ctx, imagedata, 150, 0, 50, 50, 25, 25);

看下DEMO:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
    <head>
        <meta charset="utf-8">
        <meta name="robots" content="noindex, nofollow">
        <style>
            body {
              padding: 0;
              margin: 0;
            }

            svg:not(:root) {
              display: block;
            }

            .playable-code {
              background-color: #f4f7f8;
              border: none;
              border-left: 6px solid #558abb;
              border-width: medium medium medium 6px;
              color: #4d4e53;
              height: 100px;
              width: 90%;
              padding: 10px 10px 0;
            }

            .playable-canvas {
              border: 1px solid #4d4e53;
              border-radius: 2px;
            }

            .playable-buttons {
              text-align: right;
              width: 90%;
              padding: 5px 10px 5px 26px;
            }
        </style>
        
        <title>CanvasRenderingContext2D.putImageData() | Web176教程www.web176.com</title>
        
    </head>
    <body>
        
            <canvas id="canvas" width="400" height="200" class="playable-canvas"></canvas>
<div class="playable-buttons">
  <input id="edit" type="button" value="Edit" />
  <input id="reset" type="button" value="Reset" />
</div>
<textarea id="code" class="playable-code">
ctx.fillRect(0,0,100,100);
var imagedata = ctx.getImageData(0,0,100,100);
putImageData(ctx, imagedata, 150, 0, 50, 50, 25, 25);</textarea>

        
        
            <script>
                var canvas = document.getElementById("canvas");
var ctx = canvas.getContext("2d");

function putImageData(ctx, imageData, dx, dy,
    dirtyX, dirtyY, dirtyWidth, dirtyHeight) {
  var data = imageData.data;
  var height = imageData.height;
  var width = imageData.width;
  dirtyX = dirtyX || 0;
  dirtyY = dirtyY || 0;
  dirtyWidth = dirtyWidth !== undefined? dirtyWidth: width;
  dirtyHeight = dirtyHeight !== undefined? dirtyHeight: height;
  var limitBottom = dirtyY + dirtyHeight;
  var limitRight = dirtyX + dirtyWidth;
  for (var y = dirtyY; y < limitBottom; y++) {
    for (var x = dirtyX; x < limitRight; x++) {
      var pos = y * width + x;
      ctx.fillStyle = 'rgba(' + data[pos*4+0]
                        + ',' + data[pos*4+1]
                        + ',' + data[pos*4+2]
                        + ',' + (data[pos*4+3]/255) + ')';
      ctx.fillRect(x + dx, y + dy, 1, 1);
    }
  }
}

// Draw content onto the canvas
ctx.fillRect(0,0,100,100);
// Create an ImageData object from it
var imagedata = ctx.getImageData(0,0,100,100);
// use the putImageData function that illustrates how putImageData works
putImageData(ctx, imagedata, 150, 0, 50, 50, 25, 25);

var canvas = document.getElementById("canvas");
var ctx = canvas.getContext("2d");
var textarea = document.getElementById("code");
var reset = document.getElementById("reset");
var edit = document.getElementById("edit");
var code = textarea.value;

function drawCanvas() {
  ctx.clearRect(0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height);
  eval(textarea.value);
}

reset.addEventListener("click", function() {
  textarea.value = code;
  drawCanvas();
});

edit.addEventListener("click", function() {
  textarea.focus();
})

textarea.addEventListener("input", drawCanvas);
window.addEventListener("load", drawCanvas);

function putImageData(ctx, imageData, dx, dy,
    dirtyX, dirtyY, dirtyWidth, dirtyHeight) {
  var data = imageData.data;
  var height = imageData.height;
  var width = imageData.width;
  dirtyX = dirtyX || 0;
  dirtyY = dirtyY || 0;
  dirtyWidth = dirtyWidth !== undefined? dirtyWidth: width;
  dirtyHeight = dirtyHeight !== undefined? dirtyHeight: height;
  var limitBottom = dirtyY + dirtyHeight;
  var limitRight = dirtyX + dirtyWidth;
  for (var y = dirtyY; y < limitBottom; y++) {
    for (var x = dirtyX; x < limitRight; x++) {
      var pos = y * width + x;
      ctx.fillStyle = 'rgba(' + data[pos*4+0]
                        + ',' + data[pos*4+1]
                        + ',' + data[pos*4+2]
                        + ',' + (data[pos*4+3]/255) + ')';
      ctx.fillRect(x + dx, y + dy, 1, 1);
    }
  }
}

            </script>
        
    </body>
</html>

返回到:Canvas API:CanvasRenderingContext2D

作者:terry,如若转载,请注明出处:https://www.web176.com/canvas_api/8117.html

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